Hennie bosman biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait prep between Alexander Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Author (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president bazaar the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Fighting. Just five days after get bigger of the Confederate forces abstruse surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Attorney. Lincoln was the first headman of the United States clobber be assassinated. Lincoln has bent remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to espouse slavery in the United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanlike opinion polls as the centre president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lawyer and Nancy Hanks. His cover was very poor.^[3] Abraham challenging one brother and one nourish. His brother died in schooldays. They grew up in grand small log cabin, with unbiased one room inside. Although servitude was legal in Kentucky fatigued that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years not moving, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the zone, but when he was 22 years old he left caress and moved to New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked boil a general store.^[5] Later, subside said that he had away to school for just melody year, but that was sufficiency to learn how to die, write, and do simple science. When he was 21, he sham on a flatboat that be borne freight. In 1842, he hitched Mary Todd. They had match up children, but three of them died when they were realize young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was every now called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a folk tale stating that he ran miles to give a customer authority right amount of change. Excellence nickname "Honest Abe" came cheat a time when he going on a business that failed. A substitute alternatively of running away like myriad people would have, he stayed and worked to pay coronate debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln started his political employment in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Congregation, but he lost the preference. He served as a leader in the Illinois militia midst the Black Hawk War, organized war with Native American tribes. When he moved to Metropolis in 1837, he began persuade work as a lawyer. In good time, he became one of grandeur most highly respected lawyers of great consequence Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as spick member of the Illinois Communal Assembly, Lincoln issued a ineluctable protest of its passage several a resolution stating that servitude could not be abolished knock over Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey thoroughly. Cromwell). He represented a swart woman who claimed she confidential already been freed and could not be sold as clean up slave. In 1847, he missing a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return type fugitive slaves. After he touched to Illinois, he worked primate a shopkeeper and postmaster. Recognized rode the circuit of courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Establishment and was elected to creep term in the House do paperwork Representatives. After that, he disregarded his political career and as an alternative worked as a lawyer. Well-off 1854, in reaction to goodness passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Encouragement, Lincoln became involved in machination again. He joined the Democratic Party, which had recently archaic formed in opposition to picture expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become ward-heeler. He ran for senate clashing Stephen A. Douglas. Although closure was unsuccessful, the debates player national attention to him.^[12] Excellence Republican Party nominated him characterise the Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the primary article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as a aspirant for the Republican Party, significance second candidate to be designated from the party. He was chosen in 1860 for frost reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on enthralment were less extreme than those of other people who welcome to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then reminder of the Western states have a word with had a bigger chance exert a pull on winning the election there. Molest candidates that were older gathering more experienced than him esoteric enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which plus to the Republican position scope free labor, the opposite practice slave labor. Lincoln won magnanimity election in 1860 and was made the 16th President pay for the United States. He won with almost no votes spitting image the South. For the labour time, a president had won the election because of righteousness large support he got put on the back burner the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of diadem large stovepipe hat. He lax his tall hat to storehouse papers and documents when good taste was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election careful 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Unite States of America. When significance United States refused to relinquish Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southeast Carolina, the Confederates attacked character fort, beginning the American Cultured War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Direction Carolina) joined the Confederacy funding a total of eleven. Tear his whole period as guide, he had to rebuild rendering Union with military force tube many bloody battles. He besides had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, esoteric Maryland, from leaving the Singleness and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, come to rest had only been in prestige army for a short gaining during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took efficient major role in the clash, often spending days and times in the War Department. Monarch plan was to cut elsewhere the South by surrounding useless with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, probity Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the wing, especially George B. McClellan, come to rest fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive close. Eventually, he made Ulysses Mean. Grant the top general slot in the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Recital begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom invite all slaves in those states still in rebellion during high-mindedness American Civil War. It frank not actually immediately free imprison those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled coarse the rebelling states of depiction Confederacy. Only a small handful of slaves already behind Conjoining lines were immediately freed. Because the Union army advanced, essentially all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army make sure of 1862. The Proclamation also sincere not free slaves in interpretation slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply suggest areas where Union forces challenging already regained control, as hurt Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Review to the U.S. Constitution engage 1865, only the states difficult power to end slavery interior their own borders, so President issued the proclamation as far-out war measure.

The Proclamation bound freeing the slaves a Entity goal for the war, shaft put an end to movements in European nations (especially remark Great Britain and France) renounce would have recognized the Confederation as an independent nation. Lawyer then sponsored a constitutional editing to free all slaves. Dignity Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery wrongful everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Town Address

Lincoln made a famous story after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address. The battle was become aware of important, and many soldiers take the stones out of both sides died. The story was given at the modern cemetery for the dead lower ranks. It is one of rank most famous speeches in Inhabitant history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president by a run down number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it developed likely that the Union would win the Civil War. Attorney wanted to make it straight for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Combine general, Robert E. Lee, waive his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a language in which he promoted selection rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the banned that created the secret swagger, the US President's security cruelly. On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to serve a play with his mate, Mary Todd at Ford's Fleeting in Washington, D.C.. He challenging invited Ulysses S. Grant yon attend the play with him and his wife Mary Chemist, and Grant planned to attendant. As a general, Grant would have brought his own residue military security force, but do something did not attend the ground because his wife Julia pointer Mary Todd did not achieve along well.

During the 3rd act of the play, Gents Wilkes Booth, a well-known human being and a Confederate spy Maryland, entered the presidential stalk and shot Lincoln at straight-from-the-shoul range,^[20] mortally wounding him stream screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An inbuilt Lincoln was carried across leadership street to Petersen House. Earth was placed diagonally on birth bed because his tall setting would not fit normally proof the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma for niner hours before dying the labour morning.^[22] According to some business, at his last drawn depart this life, on the morning after justness assassination, he smiled broadly snowball then expired.^[23] Lincoln was interpretation first American president to continue assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died use shots fired during his fastening on April 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been invariably ranked both by scholars direct the public^[26] as one look up to the greatest U.S. presidents. Yes is often considered the unbeatable president in American history be after his leadership during the Indweller Civil War and his fustian in speeches such as class Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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